Dust separators



Sept 30, 1958 K. A. G. GUsTAvssoN 2,854,092

DUST SEPARATORS 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed April 6, 1954 5, Mx Maux @Trax/vir sept. 3o, 1958 Filed Apil e. 19524 K. A. G. GUSTAVSSON DUST SEPARATORS Y 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 f Eff;

Unite States Patent() nUsr snrAnAroRs Karl Axel Gran Gustavsson, Enkoping, Sweden, assignor to Aktiebolaget B. A. Hjorth & Co., Stockholm, Sweden, a corporation of Sweden Application April 6, 1954, Serial No. 421,271

Claims priority, application Sweden April 11, 1953 6 Claims. (Cl. 18S- 83) The present invention relates to dust separators and more particularly to dust separators of the type comprising a plurality of cyclones arranged in stepped fashion one above the other the tangential inlets of said cyclones communicating with a common inlet channel for the dust-laden gas and the axial outlets thereof cornmunicating with a common outlet channel for the purilied gas separate from the inlet channel.

Previously known dust separators of this type have a number of important disadvantages, among which are the great space required, the poor distribution of the dust-laden gas to the several cyclones and the frequently complex and expensive arrangement of the conduits to the inlets and outlets of the cyclones.

The object of this invention is to eliminate said disadvantages and above all to provide a dust separator of the above type, which has a very compact construction. These and other objects are achieved in accordance with the present invention by the provision of a dust separator of the above type in which the inlet and outlet channels are formed in a common casing, which by partitions extending longitudinally of the casing is divided in two or more channels extending side by side, one or more of said channels being open towards the inlet end of the casing and communicating with the inlets of the stepped cyclones and being closed towards the outlet of the casing, while the other channel or channels, which communicate with the cyclone outlets, are open towards the outlet end of the casing and closed towards the inlet end thereof, one of those two walls of the casingwhich extend at right angles to the partitions, being formed in stepped fashion, the cyclones being disposed at the outside of this wall with their dust outlets directed away from the wall and their axial outlets and tangential inlets disposed at the risers and the treads respectively of said stepped wall or vice versa.

In a suitable embodiment of the invention the inlets of the cyclones are formed with obliquely cut-olf connection pieces extending through the stepped casing wall and so disposed that the mouths of the connection pieces lie in one single plane coincident with that of the corners of the stepped wall directed towards the interior of the casing.

These and other characteristic features of this invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments shown on the attached drawings, in which:

Figure l shows a perspective view with parts broken away of a dust separator embodying the principles of the invention;

Figure 2 is a similar view on an enlarged scale illustrating a part of the dust separator of Figure l;

Figures 3 and 4 show an element of the stepped wall of the casing in front and side view respectively; and

Figure 5 illustrates a modified arrangement in vertical cross-section.

Referring to Figures l to 4, the numeral 1 denotes a 2,854,092 Patented Sept. 3f), 1958 number of cyclones arranged in rows and in stepped fashion one row above the other, there being four rows each comprising four cyclones shown in the embodiment illustrated. Of course, more than rfour rows of cyclones may be disposed in this manner and likewise more than four cyclones may be included in each row. The cyclones 1 are arranged on the outside of and connected to a casing 2 having walls at right angles, one such wall 3 having a stepped appearance conforming to the stepped disposition of the cyclones. The tangential inlets 4 of the cyclones are arranged at the portions of the stepped wall which are parallel to the axes of the cyclones, while the outlets 5 of the cyclones are arranged .in wall portions extending at right angles thereto.

ln accordance with this .invention the casing is divided by a. rst partition 6 into an inlet channel 7 for the dust-laden gas entering by the inlet end 8 of the casing 2 and an outlet channel 9 for the purilied gas discharged from the outlets 5 -of the cyclones. The partition 6, which is formed by a plate extending lacross the width of the casing, as seen from Figures l and 2, extends from the stepped wall 3 vat the main inlet S of the casing 2 to the opposite wall adjacent the main outlet 10 of the casing. The plate has longitudinal slots defining recesses opposite to the inlets 4 of the cyclones, said slots having lateral wall portions 12 extending towards the cyclone inlets 4, said lateral walls being adapted to be connected to inlet connection pieces 13 of the inlets 4. The width of the slots is such that each rslot may be connected to the inlet connection pieces of two adjacent cyclo-nes, as seen from the drawing. The inlet channel 7 dened by the partition 6 the `slots and the lateral walls 12 is closed at its upper end by a .second partition wall or plate 14 connecting the respective lateral walls 12, whereby the dust-laden gas supplied through the inlet end 8 of the casing 2 is compelled to pass .into the inlets liand through the cyclones 1 which are .connected to the inlet .channel .'7 by the connection pieces 13.

After purilication in the cyclones 'the purified gas leaves through the axial cyclone .outlets 5 whichin consequence of the construction of partition 6, lateral walls 12 and plates 14 discharge immediately behind the stepped wall and into the outlet channels 11 of the main outlet 9.

To facilitate the manufacture of the stepped wall 3 and the associated lateral walls 12 of the Vpartition 6 the stepped wall may be .constructed from angular, preferably right-angled wall elements 15 (Figures 3 and 4) in a number corresponding to that of the rows of cyclones, one ange 16 of said wall elements forming the end-walls of the cyclones in the associate row of cyclones and also the lower walls of the inlet connection pieces 13. The mouths of the connection pieces are cut ofr" obliquely so that they lie in a single plane 17 coincident with the free edges of the flanges 16 and flanges 18. Thereby the tree edges of lateral walls 12 will lie along a straight line and are readily joined t-o the inlet connection pieces 13. By making those flanges or portions 18 of the wall elements 1S which lie parallel to the axes of the cyclones and through which the inlet ducts 13 extend, of a width equal to or slightly greater than the extension of the inlet connection pieces in this direction and the other flanges 16 of a width substantially equal to the greatest diameter of the cyclones, the cyclones will require the smallest possible space, so that the dust separator will obtain a very compact construction, as clearly seen from the drawing.

The cyclones are further connected to a dust discharge conduit 19.

The modified embodiment shown in Figure 5 illustrates a pair of identical dust separators of the type hereinbefore described, secured together along adjacent edges of the respective partitions and ducts, whereby both of the separators discharge through a common outlet 10. Otherwise, each of the two units is identical to that hereinbefore described and the reference numerals refer to corresponding structure.

While certain representative embodiments and details have been shown in order to illustrate the invention it will be obvious to anyone skilled in this art that various modifications are possible within the scope of the invention.

Having now particularly described the nature of my invention and the manner of its operation what I claim is: l. In a dust separator of the type comprising a plurality of cyclones arranged in a stepped fashion one above the other, said cyclones having tangential inlets communicating with a common inlet channel for the dust laden gas and axial outlets communicating with a common separate outlet channel for the purified gas, a common casing open at opposite sides to form a main inlet and a main outlet, the walls of said casing being disposed at right angles, one of the walls being stepped, irst partition walls within said casing extending longitudinally at a right angle to the stepped casing wall from the inlet side to the outlet side of the casing to form several longitudinal channels within the casing in side-by-side arrangement, and second partition walls within said casing closing at least one of said longitudinal channels on the outlet side of the casing, the other end of said one channel being open on the inlet side of the casing and further communicating only with the inlets of said stepped cyclones, the other ones of said several longitudinal channels being closed on` the inlet side of the casing and open on the outlet side of the casing in further communication only with the outlets of said cyclones, said cyclones extending outwardly from said stepped wall and being situated entirely outside of said stepped wall and said channel for the dust laden gas and the channel for the purified gas, said axial outlets discharging immediately behind said stepped Wall, the dust outlets of the cyclones facing away from said stepped wall, and said axial outlets and tangential inlets of the cyclones being formed in the wall parts of said stepped wall constituting the steps thereof, whereby dust laden gas entering said separator through said main inlet of said common casing enters said one longitudinal channel and is directed into said tangential inlets of said stepped cyclones, the dust from said dust laden gas passing outwardly from said cyclones, through said dust outlets thereof, and the clean gas passing outwardly through said axial outlets of said cyclones into said other ones of said several longitudinal channels communicating with said main outlet of said common casing for ow outwardly therethrough.

2. A dust separator as claimed in claim l, in which the inlets of the cyclones are formed with obliquely cut-oli inlet connection pieces extending through the stepped Wall and so disposed that the mouths of the connection pieces lie in a single plane coinciding with that of the inwardly directed corners of the wall.

3. A dust separator as claimed in claim 2, in which the inlet connection pieces extend through parts of the stepped wall lying parallel to the cyclone axes said parts having a width substantially equal to the extension of the inlet connection pieces in the same direction, while the other parts of the stepped wall have a Width corresponding to the major diameter of the cyclones.

4. A dust separator as claimed in claim 3 in which those parts of the stepped wall which are at right angles to the axes of the cyclones form the end Walls of the cyclones and the lower walls of the inlet connection pieces.

5. A dust separator as claimed in claim 1, in which the stepped wall is formed from a plurality of elements of right-angled cross-section.

6. A dust separator as claimed in claim l, in which the inlets of the cyclones are formed with obliquely cut off inlet connection pieces extending through the stepped wall, in which the first partition Walls dividing the casing into inlet and outlet channels are formed by a plate extending from the stepped wall at the inlet end to the opposite wall adjacent the outlet end, said partition walls having slotsl defining recesses opposite to the oblique inlet connection pieces of the cyclones, and in which lateral walls extend from the edges of the partition walls defining said slots towards the connection pieces and are joined thereto.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,533,991 Blomquist et al. Dec. 12, 1950 2,632,527 McBride et al Mar. 24, 1953 2,643,737 Bowers et al. June 30, 1953 FOREIGN PATENTS 739,974 Great Britain Nov. 2, 1955 849,507 Germany Dec. 8, 1952 905,805 France Apr. 30, 1945 1,097,828 France Feb. 23, 1955 

